Bond Price Calculator
Use coupons, time to maturity and required yield to estimate a bond's price today.
Results
Review or adjust your inputs, then calculate to see your results and interpretation.
Understand this calculation
Bond price is the present value of scheduled coupons and face value repaid at maturity. Below face is a discount, above face a premium, and approximately equal to face is par.
See calculation method and assumptions
Formula
Bond Price
Price equals the present value of each coupon and final face value discounted at the required yield per period; N is remaining payment periods.
Variables, rates and periods
- Face / Price
- Face is principal repaid at maturity; Price is the bond's value today.
- Coupon
- Coupon per period = face value × annual coupon rate / payments per year.
- YTM / y
- Nominal annual yield to maturity, entered as a percentage; discounting uses its decimal value divided by payments per year.
- m / N
- m is coupon payments per year; N = years to maturity × m. Coupons are paid at period end.
Formula variables
- Face is principal repaid at maturity;
- Coupon Rate is the nominal annual coupon rate;
- YTM is the nominal annual required yield;
- m is payments per year;
- Years is time remaining;
- N = Years × m is the number of payments.
- Coupon per period = Face × Coupon Rate ÷ m;
- discount rate per period = YTM ÷ m.
How coupon rate and YTM affect price
- All else equal, a higher coupon rate raises each payment and price;
- a higher required yield discounts the same payments more and lowers price.
- When the two rates match, a standard fixed-coupon bond prices at par.
Discount, par, and premium bonds
- A discount bond trades below face when required yield generally exceeds coupon rate;
- a par bond trades at face when the rates match;
- a premium bond trades above face when required yield is generally lower.
Price a fixed-coupon bond from face value, coupon rate, required yield, and time to maturity.
Worked example
- Enter 1,000 face value, a 5% coupon rate, 6% required yield, five years remaining, and semiannual coupons.
- Each coupon is 1,000 × 5% ÷ 2 = 25 for 10 periods. Discount each coupon and the final principal at 3% per period.
- Coupon PV is about 213.26 and principal PV about 744.09, totaling about 957.35. Below 1,000 face value, it is a discount bond.
Frequently asked questions
Why does a higher required yield lower price?
The same scheduled payments are discounted at a higher rate, reducing their present value.
Can I price a zero-coupon bond?
Yes. Set coupon rate to 0%; price then equals the discounted face value at maturity.
Does this include accrued interest?
This tool assumes valuation on a coupon date, when accrued interest is zero and clean and dirty prices coincide. For settlement between coupons, use Clean & Dirty Price to calculate accrual. This page excludes taxes, fees, default, and early redemption.
How do I infer yield from a market price?
Use the YTM calculator and enter the known market price.